Cold emergencies
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The Dangers of Cold: Understanding Hypothermia and Cold-Related Problems
Hypothermia can have severe consequences for the body.
Even a slight drop of just two degrees Celsius in body temperature can lead to hypothermia. It's crucial to identify and manage it correctly.
Signs of Hypothermia
- Uncontrollable shivering
- Disorientation and confusion
- Possible unresponsiveness
- Slow and weak pulse (in severe cases)
Treatment
Avoid rapid reheating as it may lead to complications, even cardiac arrest. Ensure a gradual warming process.
Hypothermia can occur indoors, especially among the elderly trying to save on heating costs.
Dealing with Wet Clothing and Cold Exposure
Wet clothing can draw heat from the body rapidly, up to 20-25 times faster than air.
Steps to Follow:
- Get the person out of the water.
- Remove wet clothing.
- Gently pat dry (do not rub) with a dry towel.
Warming the Person
Even a slight increase in temperature will begin to warm the body. Monitor the patient carefully.
Contact Emergency Services
Call EMS and provide them with detailed information about the situation and the actions taken for a better assessment of recovery.
Frostnip and Frostbite
Frostnip
Frostnip can cause the skin to freeze, resulting in redness, whiteness, and pain.
Treatment for Frostnip
Warm the affected areas by having the patient place their fingers under their arms.
Frostbite
Frostbite is a serious EMS medical emergency involving the freezing of body tissues, muscles, and vessels.
Treatment for Frostbite
Re-warm gently with water below 40 degrees Celsius. Never rub or massage frostbitten areas. Be prepared for significant pain during the re-warming process.
- IPOSi Unit four LO4.1, 4.2 & 5.2
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